HUMAN TRAFFICKING & ABUSE
The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 defines “severe forms of trafficking in persons” as:
Sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age; or
The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.
Note: A victim need not be physically transported from one location to another for the crime to fall within this definition.
It is perhaps the most repugnant social blight imaginable as it is -- at its core -- modern day slavery. It is proliferating worldwide and effects as many as 40 million men, women and children. There is no escaping ownership of our responsibility as a community to be vigilant and proactive because it is not only found across foreign borders or states lines – it is in our own backyard. We support it when we purchase our clothes with delight at low prices, we utilize migrant workers to leverage cheaper labor, and when we leave women and youth vulnerable to predators in our community.
The United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime published a report based on data gathered from 155 countries in a global assessment of Trafficking in People. A few facts among their findings:
Approximately 80% of human trafficking is attributed to sexual exploitation.
Victims are predominantly women and girls
Almost 20% of all trafficking victims are children
The second most common form of human trafficking is forced labor, but it is under-reported.
What should you do if you believe someone is being trafficked?
DO NOT PUT YOURSELF IN HARM’S WAY
Call 9-1-1;
Report incidents and suspicions at https://www.ncsbi.gov/Contact-Us
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It’s ok to report suspicions
If the victim is in immediate physical danger, call 9-1-1
Human trafficking, domestic violence, and/or sexual assault centers are trained in identification an outreach
Leave them with contact information that is inconspicuous or can be easily hidden
Sometimes you just have to go with your gut.
If possible, separate the victim from any suspected traffickers
Rehearsed or canned stories are common and are not reflective of uncooperativeness or stubbornness by the victim
BE PERSISTENT; it may take several attempts for a victim to decide to seek assistance
The COVID Effect:
Polaris is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization that works to take down the systems that support and fuel human trafficking. Polaris has operated a national hotline that responds to tips and trafficking victims requesting help since 2007. They are a leading authority on the collection of data, development of referral and reporting protocols, and outreach. Here were their findings regarding the Crisis in Human Trafficking During the Pandemic based on hotline surveys:
The number of trafficking situations increased by 40%
Of the service providers surveyed, 50% were either considering or had already limited referrals
The number of situations in which people needed immediate emergency shelter nearly doubled
Vulnerability risk to survival trafficking was significantly increased
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Who is most vulnerable?
Individuals who have experienced childhood abuse or neglect
Children involved in the foster care and juvenile justice systems
Runaway and homeless youth
Native Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders
Victims of Violence
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) individuals
Migrant workers
Undocumented immigrants
Racial and ethnic minorities
People with disabilities
People with low incomes
Those with a history of substance abuse
Those communities exposed to intergenerational trauma
People who remain socially isolated and/or have low self-esteem
What are the Warning Signs from NCDOA’s Council for Women and Youth Involvement Kiricka Yarborough Smith, NCDOA, Human Trafficking Director
For Businesses and Homes
Location:
Odd entrances
Odd hours, and
The security seems over the top, blacked out windows, security cameras, barbed wire, etc.
Employees:
Tend to live where they work,
Travel to and from in a single group using shared transportation
Visitors:
Frequent and high traffic entering and exiting the establishment, particularly by men
Women enter, but rarely leave
Women are always accompanied by men
For Individuals
Behavior:
Fearful, anxious, and avoid eye contact
Frequent travel to other cities
Dramatic changes in usual attire, behavior, or relationships
Appearance:
Few to no personal possessions
Not in control of their ID
Unexplained injuries
Tattoos/branding marks
Inappropriate clothes for age or climate
Suddenly acquire significantly more expensive material possessions
Company:
Noticeable older significant other
Always accompanied, never allowed to speak for themselves
The Connection
North Carolina is positioned in the eye of the Human Trafficking storm and is consistently among the states with the highest number of human trafficking reports through the National Human Trafficking Hotline. In 2019, North Carolina lined up against other states as #11. Ashville Today, reported North Carolina had moved up to #9 in the early part of 2020 with 385 calls from NC victims and survivors through the National Human Trafficking Hotline with an additional 266 new reports of cases in our state. However, most cases go unreported. It is in our metropolitan areas; it is in our rural areas; it is in our schools; and it is in our neighborhoods.
Geographical halfway point between New York and Florida
Metropolitan areas with explosive growth, development, and labor shortages
Rural, agricultural economies with a glaring lack of affordable labor and resources
Significant military presence
Increasing gang activity
Extensive interstate system both east/west and north/south